[Android & Kotlin] DatePicker, TimePicker の実装

Androidでは日付や時間をユーザー入力のために DatePicker や TimePicker を使うとユーザビリティが上がります。Kotlinではどのように設定するのでしょうか確認してみます。
　

Android Studio 3.5.3
API 29

DialogFragment

Pickerの実装についてはAndroid 3.0 以上で DialogFragment を使うことが推奨されています。また、Time Picker はDate Picker と同様に作成できます。

尚、Javaのケースは以下を参考に

as42021.1.1 picker 00b 100x100 - [Android & Kotlin] DatePicker, TimePicker の実装

[Android] DatePicker, TimePickerをDialogFragment で実装する

日付や時間をユーザーに入力してもらうために DatePicker や TimePicker を使うと便利です。　

目次
1. DatePicker
2. TimePicker

DatePicker

解説では、Layout の android:onClick で Activity のメソッドが呼ばれ、Picker の DialogFragment が表示されます。

<Button
    ...
    android:onClick="showTimePickerDialog" />

<Button

...

android:onClick="showTimePickerDialog" />

　
では、設定したデータをどうやって取り出すのか？
　
Layout での android:onClick をやめてしまうという方法もあるようですが
Stackoverflowによると
　
Picker の DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener を使って、 MainActivity にデータを戻してやればいいようです
　
DatePick.kt

package your.package.name

import android.os.Bundle
import android.app.DatePickerDialog
import android.app.Dialog
import android.content.Context
import androidx.fragment.app.DialogFragment;
import java.util.Calendar

class DatePick : DialogFragment(), DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener {

    override fun onCreateDialog(savedInstanceState: Bundle?): Dialog {
        val c = Calendar.getInstance()
        val year = c.get(Calendar.YEAR)
        val month = c.get(Calendar.MONTH)
        val day = c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)

        return DatePickerDialog(
            this.context as Context,
            activity as MainActivity?,
            year,
            month,
            day)
    }

    override fun onDateSet(view: android.widget.DatePicker, year: Int,
                       monthOfYear: Int, dayOfMonth: Int) {

    }

}

package your.package.name

import android.os.Bundle

import android.app.DatePickerDialog

import android.app.Dialog

import android.content.Context

import androidx.fragment.app.DialogFragment;

import java.util.Calendar

class DatePick : DialogFragment(), DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener {

override fun onCreateDialog(savedInstanceState: Bundle?): Dialog {

val c = Calendar.getInstance()

val year = c.get(Calendar.YEAR)

val month = c.get(Calendar.MONTH)

val day = c.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)

return DatePickerDialog(

this.context as Context,

activity as MainActivity?,

year,

month,

day)

}

override fun onDateSet(view: android.widget.DatePicker, year: Int,

monthOfYear: Int, dayOfMonth: Int) {

}

　
元の設定：
return new DatePickerDialog(activity, this, year, month, day);
新しい設定：
return new DatePickerDialog(this.context as Context, activity asMainActivity?, year, month, day);
DatePickerDialog() の第２引数が自分自信 this になっているので
これを、MainActivity? にしてやります
　
MainActivity.kt

package your.package.name

import android.app.DatePickerDialog
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.os.Bundle
import android.view.View
import android.widget.DatePicker
// need to import for Kotlin Android Extensions
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

import java.util.Locale

class MainActivity : FragmentActivity(), DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

    }

    override fun onDateSet(view: DatePicker, year: Int, monthOfYear: Int, dayOfMonth: Int) {

        val str = String.format(Locale.US, "%d/%d/%d", year, monthOfYear+1, dayOfMonth)
        textView.text = str

    }

    fun showDatePickerDialog(v: View) {
        val newFragment = DatePick()
        newFragment.show(supportFragmentManager, "datePicker")

    }
}

package your.package.name

import android.app.DatePickerDialog

import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity;

import android.os.Bundle

import android.view.View

import android.widget.DatePicker

// need to import for Kotlin Android Extensions

import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

import java.util.Locale

class MainActivity : FragmentActivity(), DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

}

override fun onDateSet(view: DatePicker, year: Int, monthOfYear: Int, dayOfMonth: Int) {

val str = String.format(Locale.US, "%d/%d/%d", year, monthOfYear+1, dayOfMonth)

textView.text = str

}

fun showDatePickerDialog(v: View) {

val newFragment = DatePick()

newFragment.show(supportFragmentManager, "datePicker")

}

　
DialogFragment にあった
onDateSet() を持ってきてデータを受け取ります
　
レイアウトです
activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout  xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="center"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="@string/no_date"
        android:textSize="50sp"
        android:textColor="#000"
        android:layout_margin="30dp" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="showDatePickerDialog"
        android:layout_margin="30dp"
        android:text="@string/pick_date" />

</LinearLayout >

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:gravity="center"

tools:context=".MainActivity">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/textView"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:gravity="center"

android:text="@string/no_date"

android:textSize="50sp"

android:textColor="#000"

android:layout_margin="30dp" />

<Button

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:onClick="showDatePickerDialog"

android:layout_margin="30dp"

android:text="@string/pick_date" />

</LinearLayout >

　
リソース
strings.xml

<resources>
    <string name="button">YourAppName</string>
    <string name="no_date">No Data</string>
    <string name="pick_date">Pick Date</string>
</resources>

<string name="button">YourAppName</string>

</resources>

Time Picker

Time Pickerも同様に作成できます。
　
MainActivity.kt

package your.package.name

import android.app.TimePickerDialog
import android.os.Bundle
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity
import android.view.View
import android.widget.TimePicker
// need to import for Kotlin Android Extensions
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*
import java.util.*


class MainActivity : FragmentActivity(), TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

    }

    override fun onTimeSet(view: TimePicker, hourOfDay: Int, minute: Int) {

        val str = String.format(Locale.US, "%d:%d", hourOfDay, minute)

        // use the plug in of Kotlin Android Extensions
        textView.text = str

    }

    // called by Buttton tapping
    fun showTimePickerDialog(v: View) {
        val newFragment = TimePick()
        newFragment.show(supportFragmentManager, "timePicker")

    }
}

package your.package.name

import android.app.TimePickerDialog

import android.os.Bundle

import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity

import android.view.View

import android.widget.TimePicker

// need to import for Kotlin Android Extensions

import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

import java.util.*

class MainActivity : FragmentActivity(), TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

}

override fun onTimeSet(view: TimePicker, hourOfDay: Int, minute: Int) {

val str = String.format(Locale.US, "%d:%d", hourOfDay, minute)

// use the plug in of Kotlin Android Extensions

textView.text = str

}

// called by Buttton tapping

fun showTimePickerDialog(v: View) {

val newFragment = TimePick()

newFragment.show(supportFragmentManager, "timePicker")

}

　
TimePick.kt

package your.package.name

import android.app.Dialog
import android.widget.TimePicker
import android.app.TimePickerDialog
import android.icu.util.Calendar
import android.os.Bundle
import android.support.v4.app.DialogFragment


class TimePick : DialogFragment(), TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener {

    // Bundle sould be nullable, Bundle?
    override fun onCreateDialog(savedInstanceState: Bundle?): Dialog {
        // to initialize a Calender instance
        val c = Calendar.getInstance()

        // at the first, to get the system current hour and minute
        val hour = c.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY)
        val minute = c.get(Calendar.MINUTE)

        return TimePickerDialog(
                activity,
                // in order to return parameters to MainActivity
                activity as MainActivity?,
                hour,
                minute,
                true)
    }

    override fun onTimeSet(view: TimePicker, hourOfDay: Int, minute: Int) {
        //
    }
}

package your.package.name

import android.app.Dialog

import android.widget.TimePicker

import android.app.TimePickerDialog

import android.icu.util.Calendar

import android.os.Bundle

import android.support.v4.app.DialogFragment

class TimePick : DialogFragment(), TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener {

// Bundle sould be nullable, Bundle?

override fun onCreateDialog(savedInstanceState: Bundle?): Dialog {

// to initialize a Calender instance

val c = Calendar.getInstance()

// at the first, to get the system current hour and minute

val hour = c.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY)

val minute = c.get(Calendar.MINUTE)

return TimePickerDialog(

activity,

// in order to return parameters to MainActivity

activity as MainActivity?,

hour,

minute,

true)

}

override fun onTimeSet(view: TimePicker, hourOfDay: Int, minute: Int) {

}

　
activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout  xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="center"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="@string/no_data"
        android:textSize="50sp"
        android:textColor="#000"
        android:layout_margin="30dp" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="showTimePickerDialog"
        android:layout_margin="30dp"
        android:text="@string/pick_time" />

</LinearLayout >

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:gravity="center"

tools:context=".MainActivity">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/textView"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:gravity="center"

android:text="@string/no_data"

android:textSize="50sp"

android:textColor="#000"

android:layout_margin="30dp" />

<Button

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:onClick="showTimePickerDialog"

android:layout_margin="30dp"

android:text="@string/pick_time" />

</LinearLayout >

　
strings.xml

<resources>
    <string name="button">YourAppName</string>
    <string name="no_data">"No Data"</string>
    <string name="pick_time">Pick Time</string>
</resources>

<string name="button">YourAppName</string>

</resources>

Reference:
Picker API Developer’s Guide | Picker | Google Developers